Journal: Mediators of Inflammation

Article Title: DAMPs Synergize with Cytokines or Fibronectin Fragment on Inducing Chondrolysis but Lose Effect When Acting Alone

doi: 10.1155/2017/2642549

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of various types of treatment involving DAPMs examined in the study.

Article Snippet: This could be attributed to the fact that the recombinant IL-1 β protein used in our study was human origin (R&D Systems, Cat # 201-LB) and might cause less strength of stimulation to bovine cells than to human cells.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)-CD74 Signaling Pathway Mediates Trabecular Meshwork Dysfunction in Glaucoma

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712673

Figure Lengend Snippet: Wild-type C57BL/6 mice (n=12/group) were injected intravitreally with either LV-TGF-β2 or LV-null vectors. ( A ) Weekly IOP measurements demonstrate significant and sustained IOP elevation in LV-TGF-β2-injected mice compared with LV-null controls. ( B ) Immunofluorescence staining of anterior segment cross-sections for α-SMA and MIF shows co-localization of MIF with the TM marker α-SMA, indicating increased MIF expression in the TM of LV-TGF-β2 injected mice. ( C-E ) qPCR ( C ) and western blot ( D, E ) analyses of anterior segment tissues show upregulation of MIF and CD74 accompanied by suppression of Blimp-1 in LV-TGF-β2-injected mice. Increased expression of profibrotic markers, including α-SMA, Fn-1, and MYOC, was also evident in LV-TGF-β2-injected mice. Western blot bands were quantified by densitometric analysis using ImageJ and normalized to the housekeeping control β-actin, and protein levels are presented as relative expression (AU) ( E ). Data represent mean ± SD. **p<0.005, ***p<0.0005, and ****p<0.0001. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple-comparison test (A), unpaired t-test (C, E).

Article Snippet: Recombinant human TGF-β2 (302-B2-010/CF) protein was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN).

Techniques: Injection, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Marker, Expressing, Western Blot, Control, Comparison

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)-CD74 Signaling Pathway Mediates Trabecular Meshwork Dysfunction in Glaucoma

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712673

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primary HTMCs (n=3) were challenged with TGF-β2 (10ng/mL), rMIF (100ng/mL), or pro-inflammatory cytokine pool (CP; TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 100ng/mL) for 24h. (A) qPCR analysis shows significant upregulation of MIF and CD74 transcripts accompanied by reduced Blimp-1 expression in response to glaucomatous stressors. ( B ) Immunofluorescence staining demonstrates increased MIF expression following TGF-β2 or CP treatment. (C) Western blot analysis confirms induction of MIF and CD74 with concurrent suppression of Blimp-1 at the protein level. Data represent mean ± SD. **p<0.005, ***p<0.0005, and ***p<0.0001, One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test.

Article Snippet: Recombinant human TGF-β2 (302-B2-010/CF) protein was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Western Blot, Comparison

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)-CD74 Signaling Pathway Mediates Trabecular Meshwork Dysfunction in Glaucoma

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712673

Figure Lengend Snippet: Primary HTMCs (n=3) were challenged with rMIF (100 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of MIF inhibitor 4-IPP (100µM) or the metabolites Agm or Thia (100 ng/mL) for 24h. Cells treated with TGF-β2 (10ng/mL) served as a positive control. (A-B) Western blot analysis confirms activation of the RhoA/ROCK/pMLC signaling pathway in response to MIF treatment, which is significantly attenuated by MIF inhibition with 4-IPP, Agm, or Thia ( A ). Western blot bands were quantified by densitometric analysis using ImageJ and normalized to the housekeeping control β-actin, and protein levels are presented as relative expression (AU) ( B ). (C) Immunofluorescence analysis shows that MIF induces pMLC staining, comparable to that observed with TGF-β2 stimulation, which is significantly attenuated by MIF inhibition with 4-IPP, Agm, or Thia. Data represent mean ± SD. *p<0.05, **p<0.005, ***p<0.0005, and ****p<0.0001, One-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test.

Article Snippet: Recombinant human TGF-β2 (302-B2-010/CF) protein was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN).

Techniques: Positive Control, Western Blot, Activation Assay, Inhibition, Control, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Comparison

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF)-CD74 Signaling Pathway Mediates Trabecular Meshwork Dysfunction in Glaucoma

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712673

Figure Lengend Snippet: OHT was induced in WT C57BL/6 mice (n=12) by intravitreal injection of LV-TGF-β2. LV-null-injected mcie served as controls. Following OHT induction, extracellular vesicle-loaded agmatine (EV-Agm; 0.1 µg/eye) was applied topically once daily. (A) Weekly IOP measurements over 9 weeks show that EV-Agm treatment significantly reduces IOP compared with untreated LV-TGF-β2-injected mice. (B) qPCR analysis of anterior segment tissue demonstrates that EV-Agm significantly reduces expression of Mif, Cd74, pro-inflammatory cytokines ( Il-1 β , Il-6 ), and cytoskeletal/ECM markers (α -Sma, Myoc, Fn-1 ), while restoring Blimp-1 expression compared with untreated LV-TGF-β2-injected mice. *p<0.05, **p<0.005, ###,***p<0.0005, and ####,****p<0.0001. Two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison (A), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison (B). In panel A, * denotes LV-null vs. LV-TGF-β2, and # denotes LV-TGF-β2 vs. LV-TGF-β2+EV-Agm comparisons.

Article Snippet: Recombinant human TGF-β2 (302-B2-010/CF) protein was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN).

Techniques: Injection, Expressing, Comparison

Journal: Cells

Article Title: IFN-γ Induces PD-L1 Expression in Primed Human Basophils

doi: 10.3390/cells11050801

Figure Lengend Snippet: The effect of TSLP on the expression of PD-L1 induced by IFN-γ in primary human basophils. Basophils (0.1 × 10 6 cells/200 μL/96-well plate) isolated from PBMCs of healthy donors were cultured with either IL-3, TSLP (10 ng/mL), TSLP + IL-3 or TSLP + IFN-γ. Basophil phenotype was evaluated by flow cytometry after 24 h. Expression of FcεRI, CD69, CD107a, PD-L1, and PD-L2 on the basophils (% positive cells and median fluorescence intensities (MFI), mean ± SD; n = 3 independent donors from three independent experiments) was presented. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, one-way ANOVA Friedman test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons post-test.

Article Snippet: ImmunoTools (Friesoythe, Germany): recombinant human IL-3 (Catalogue: 11,340,037) and recombinant IFN-γ (Catalogue: 11,343,534, lot specific activity: 2 × 10 7 IU/mg); R&D systems: recombinant thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) (Catalogue: 1398-TS, lot: IDK0721051); Miltenyi Biotec: IFN-γ (Catalogue: 130-096-484, lot specific activity: ≥2 × 10 7 IU/mg, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (Catalogue: 130-093-867, lot specific activity: 1.6 × 10 7 IU/mg); Sigma-Aldrich (St. Quentin Fallavier, France): Anti-IgE antibodies (Catalogue: I6284, lot: SLCF0672), Lipopolysaccharide (LPS: E. coli 055:B5); eBioscience (Paris, France): Fixable viability dye eFluor 506 (1:500 dilution); Lonza (Verviers, Belgium): Serum-free X-VIVO 15 medium.

Techniques: Expressing, Isolation, Cell Culture, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: Klotho relieves inflammation and exerts a cardioprotective effect during renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiorenal syndrome.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113515

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1. Renal microscopical alterations after unilateral renal IRI for 8 days and Klotho treatment. (A) Representative slide images of left kidneys and right kidneys from mice submitted to renal IRI and Klotho treatment, stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The images are at 100x magnification. Scale bar at 100 µm. Arrows indicate the most significant changes, marked as possible inflammatory infiltrate in injured renal tissue. (B) Tubular kidney injury score of left and (C) right kidneys, following the EGTI score proposed by Khalid et al. (2016). (D) Representative slide images of left kidneys and right kidneys from mice submitted to renal IRI and Klotho treatment, stained with Masson’s trichrome. The images are at 100x magnification. Scale bar at 100 µm. (E) Quantification of fibrosis (% of total area) of left and (F) right kidneys. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, * **p < 0.001 versus respective Sham. ###p < 0.001 versus untreated IRI mice. (n = 3) mice were used per experimental group: Sham (n = 22 fields), IRI (n = 25 fields), Sham treated with Klotho (n = 28 fields) and IRI treated with Klotho (n = 27 fields).

Article Snippet: As previously performed, we treated animals with recombinant Klotho protein (R&D Systems, Minnesota, USA).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: Klotho relieves inflammation and exerts a cardioprotective effect during renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiorenal syndrome.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113515

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Inflammatory panel measured in serum of mice after unilateral renal IRI and Klotho treatment. Interleukins (IL-) 6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-17 and RANTES. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, * *p < 0.01 versus Sham; ###p < 0.001 versus untreated IRI mice. (n = 3–5) mice were used per experimental group.

Article Snippet: As previously performed, we treated animals with recombinant Klotho protein (R&D Systems, Minnesota, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: Klotho relieves inflammation and exerts a cardioprotective effect during renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiorenal syndrome.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113515

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. Gene expression of renal injury markers after unilateral renal IRI for 8 days and Klotho treatment. (A) Cystatin C, (B) neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and (C) kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *

Article Snippet: As previously performed, we treated animals with recombinant Klotho protein (R&D Systems, Minnesota, USA).

Techniques: Gene Expression

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: Klotho relieves inflammation and exerts a cardioprotective effect during renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiorenal syndrome.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113515

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4. Gene expression of cardiac hypertrophy markers after unilateral renal IRI for 8 days and Klotho treatment. (A) α-actin and (B) BNP expression in heart tissue. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, * **p < 0.001 versus Sham. ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 versus untreated IRI mice. (n = 4) mice were used per experimental group.

Article Snippet: As previously performed, we treated animals with recombinant Klotho protein (R&D Systems, Minnesota, USA).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Expressing

Journal: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie

Article Title: Klotho relieves inflammation and exerts a cardioprotective effect during renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiorenal syndrome.

doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113515

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7. Proarrhythmogenic events in electrically stimulated cardiomyocytes after unilateral renal IRI for 8 days and Klotho treatment. (A) Representatives scan images of cardiomyocytes under 2 Hz stimulation in 7-pulse sequences. * Represent arrhythmic Ca2+ events (abnormal spontaneous release of Ca2+ as waves or automatic contractions). (B) Proarrhythmogenic Ca2+ release following the arrhythmia protocol in cardiomyocytes. Data presented as % of total analyzed cells with events. Data are expressed as the mean of continuous variables after Fisher’s exact test. The following parameters were used: Sham (n = 68 cells, N = 10 animals), IRI (n = 40 cells, N = 10 animals), Sham treated with Klotho (n = 28 cells, N = 4 animals) and IRI treated with Klotho (n = 45 cells, N = 6 animals). * **p < 0.001 versus Sham.

Article Snippet: As previously performed, we treated animals with recombinant Klotho protein (R&D Systems, Minnesota, USA).

Techniques: